Literature and making

1994; 2019 critical account

P. K. Page: Four Lines, a New Glosa

Build one original ten-line stanza around a supplied seed line, test its rhyme positions, and separate a formal constraint from the meaning a new poem creates.

P. K. Page: Four Lines, a New Glosa — original schematic learning figure
4×10=40
Stanza lines in the supplied full-form model
36
Other stanza lines after the four seed endings
6, 9, 10
Rhyme positions tested in the original stanza

The short answer

Starting from a known ending changes the work of a stanza. The writer must make a route towards it, while the chosen line can acquire a new context without ceasing to belong to its earlier source.

Compare the selected record and the new task

Keep the choices visible

The historical premises and the invented response have different roles.

Original comparison; no source page or artwork reproduced.
QuestionHistorical constraintOriginal decision
EndingA seed line closes each stanza in order.Make a new route towards it.
RhymeThe sixth and ninth lines rhyme with the tenth.Choose words that carry meaning as well as sound.
AuthorshipThe borrowed line retains its source.The surrounding imagery and argument still need making.

Chronology

A timeline of the turning points

  1. Hologram

    Page’s book of glosas.

  2. Critical account

    Lecker quotes and discusses the foreword.

  3. A ten-line stanza

    Work towards one of our new seed lines.

A form described through a selected critical record

Lecker traces Page’s encounter with the glosa through Robin Skelton and Marilyn Bowering and identifies Hologram: A Book of Glosas as a 1994 publication.

The foreword passage he quotes specifies four seed lines followed by four ten-line stanzas. Each stanza ends with the next seed line; lines six and nine rhyme with that tenth line.

We have read the quoted foreword passage and critical context, not the whole collection. The rule is enough to start a new exercise, but it is not a substitute for reading how an actual poem develops its meanings.

Sources for this section: [1] · [2]

Use replacement lines that are entirely ours

For this task the four original seed lines are: “The rain has left a silver seam”; “A window holds the evening sky”; “Our careful plans survive a dream”; and “We let the last bus rumble by.” They are not quotations from Page or another poet. Draft one ten-line stanza that ends with the first line. Let lines six and nine rhyme with seam; do not fill the intervening lines merely to reach the count.

A complete four-stanza response would contain 40 stanza lines, including the 4 repeated seed endings and 36 other stanza lines. If the opening four-line seed is printed separately too, the page contains 44 line occurrences. That accounting counts repetitions, not 40 newly invented lines beyond the seed.

Sources for this section: [1] · [2]

Reference stanza: an original route to the ending

1. We mark the hour beside the gate.

2. The shops are folding up their light.

3. A child is balancing a stone.

4. The last warm patch escapes the night.

5. We count the reasons we might stay.

6. The gutter draws a narrow stream.

7. A sparrow shakes the water loose.

8. Our talk grows slower at the curb.

9. The lamps begin their yellow gleam.

10. The rain has left a silver seam.

Sources for this section: [1] · [2]

Test the constraint and then the poem

The supplied stanza has ten numbered lines. Stream and gleam rhyme with seam at the required positions 6, 9 and 10, and the final line repeats the first seed. These checks establish compliance with the stated formal constraints, not the quality of the writing.

A stronger revision might make the ending change the sense of an earlier detail, rather than arrive as a detachable slogan. Try a different first line and notice which earlier lines need rewriting. In a real glosa using another poet’s work, accurate attribution and permission where required remain distinct from meeting the pattern. No protected poem or translation is reproduced in this exercise.

Sources for this section: [1] · [2]

Continue the chronology

Biography context

Explore Canada through connected lives

Connected biographies

The wider working life

CanadaCulture

1916–2010

P. K. Page

Poet and visual artistA writer and artist whose work invites attention to the relation between an inherited form and a new response.Read biography

Quick answers

Common questions

Are the seed lines or reference stanza by Page?
No. All are original replacements created for this exercise; no historical poem is reproduced.

Primary and institutional sources

How this history was checked

These selected passages and records supply the historical context. The exercise and reference response are original. This article was reviewed on 31 October 2026.

  1. P.K.Page, 1994; quoted by Lecker and W.J.KeithHologram foreword: glosa rules, mediated quotation
  2. Robert Lecker / English Studies in Canada 45.4, 2019P.K.Page’s Inebriate: A Gloss on a Glosa